Temperature conversion formulas
°F = °C × 9/5 + 32
°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9
Fan °C ≈ Conventional °C − 20
°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9
Fan °C ≈ Conventional °C − 20
Example: A British recipe says 200 °C (gas mark 6). In Fahrenheit that is 200 × 1.8 + 32 = 392 °F, usually rounded to 400 °F. In a fan oven, use about 180 °C.
Oven temperature chart
| Gas mark | °C | °C fan | °F | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¼ | 110 | 90 | 225 | Very cool |
| ½ | 120 | 100 | 250 | Very cool |
| 1 | 140 | 120 | 275 | Cool |
| 2 | 150 | 130 | 300 | Cool |
| 3 | 170 | 150 | 325 | Moderately low |
| 4 | 180 | 160 | 350 | Moderate |
| 5 | 190 | 170 | 375 | Moderately hot |
| 6 | 200 | 180 | 400 | Moderately hot |
| 7 | 220 | 200 | 425 | Hot |
| 8 | 230 | 210 | 450 | Very hot |
| 9 | 240 | 220 | 475 | Very hot |
Scaling a recipe at the same time? Use the cups to grams converter.
Frequently asked questions
How do I convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
Multiply by 9/5 and add 32. 180 °C × 1.8 + 32 = 356 °F, which recipes usually round to 350 °F.
How much should I lower the temperature for a fan oven?
Fan (convection) ovens circulate hot air and cook faster, so reduce the temperature by about 20 °C (25 °F) from a conventional recipe. Some bakers also shorten the cooking time slightly. Check your oven manual — some models adjust automatically.
What is gas mark 4 in Celsius?
Gas mark 4 is 180 °C or 350 °F — the most common setting for cakes and cookies.
Why is 180 °C listed as 350 °F instead of 356 °F?
Recipes round oven temperatures to convenient steps (usually 25 °F or 10 °C). A few degrees make little difference because home ovens often vary by 10–15 °C from their dial setting. An oven thermometer is the best way to know your real temperature.